* anthropologist and specialist in Islam, Malek Chebel devoted several articles to the body, sexuality and homosexuality in Islam. It is, for years one of the most active supporters of an interpretation of the Koran which takes into account the changing world.
What Islam says about homosexuality?
Islam does not use the word gay but speaks of ungodly people of Lut and degeneration. Homosexuality is more by default. In the Qur'an, it is regarded as an evil that must be guarded against.
This is terrible in a few lines. This text clearly concerns the preservation of order. This is to preserve the traditional family form, to renew the old order and condemn all other transgressive activities, including non-conventional forms of matrimoniality.
Sharia (law) and fiqh (principles application) they explicitly condemn homosexuality?
Homosexuality is one of the major banned from the eighth and ninth centuries. In Baghdad, in the eleventh century, gay culture is very clear. Then there is a cult of cute in the elite.
These can easily protect the clergy and the legal sanctions. For the tenth and twelfth centuries saw the flowering of a culture based pederastic that of ancient Greece and the emergence of a literature on the subject. Poems compare the virtues of beautiful young men and courtesans (1). After
, we are seeing some the overall plan, to a degradation of Islam, a theological tension lawyers to a law more stringent, more reactionary.
This movement, which continues today, claiming a return to original purity that never existed. He led Islam to have a vision of itself intolerant of homosexuals (the other from the inside) as to strangers (the other outside). Some
rhetoric suggests that homosexuality is an import from the West and has nothing to do with Arab culture.
Since the beginning, homosexuality is a fact Arabic. Some actually want to believe it is an unwelcome elsewhere. Evil is always one who brings. The West was released from its complex with respect to homosexuals. The West overcomes its taboos. The Arab world is impacted by images from elsewhere, the impact of innovations made elsewhere, the foreign economic influence. It is influenced by the West sees itself as an exporter as morality. It only remains for a turf to defend: that of morality.
Explaining Egypt's attitude towards homosexuals?
There is very much a defense of the territory from the Egyptian clergy. Regression in this country that shows the grip of fundamentalist thought on credentials. I think this is a stroke against a phenomenon which is very old and increasingly visible.
The situation differs in the Maghreb countries. In Tunisia, there was no persecution. In Morocco, homosexuals have freed themselves from the gaze of others even if we still chuckles about them. Even in Algeria, where it has always denied the existence of a latent homosexuality even, we see people who allow themselves to be gay without fear of being stoned.
The situation is very different in Saudi Arabia ...
The location of Medina in Saudi Arabia and Mecca, the two holiest sites in Islam, pushes the country to set itself the role of leading advocate of strict morality. There is real competition for the management of the corporation between Saudi Arabia and Iran, before the American intervention, Afghanistan under the Taliban.
Today, two competing trends: the ultra conservative with application of the Koran to the letter, the other arguing that a modern interpretation of texte.Comment you see the future?
Both tendencies exist. There are also I embody a long time that a new interpretation of texts, but is still a minority.
Today, there is a diversified access to information, globalization of trade, the appetite of young people wanting to have access to immediate gratification and long term that is the intransigent positions will struggle to keep . There has, moreover, the failure of Islamists in Algeria, the fall of the Taliban Afghanistan. In Sudan, shown as an example a few years ago, the star has faded. Some signs are there but there is still a long way to go ...
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